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The Mechanics of Flash Loans: How Borrowing Millions Without Collateral Works
If you walk into a traditional bank and ask to borrow ten million dollars without putting down a house, a car, or any form of collateral, the loan officer will probably laugh you out of the room. In traditional finance, credit is built around trust, history, and collateral. DeFi works
How Does a Rollup Prove That It Is Correct?
In the previous article, we asked a simple question: What happens if a Rollup sequencer lies? What Happens If a Rollup Sequencer Lies? A sequencer may process transactions and propose a new state. But what stops it from simply making something up? The answer is that a Rollup needs a
What Happens If a Rollup Sequencer Lies?
A Rollup can process many transactions without putting every transaction directly on Ethereum. But there is a problem. Someone still has to decide the order of those transactions and process them. That person, or more precisely, that system component, is called a sequencer. So here is a simple question: What
Escape the Bottleneck: Why the Multi-VM Era Just Killed Monolithic Blockchains
For the longest time, the unspoken rule of Web3 development was absolute obedience to the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). If you were building anything serious, you wrote in Solidity, deployed to an EVM-compatible chain, and prayed to the congestion gods that your transactions wouldn’t get stuck in a